An expanding world food market, a shrinking
American dollar, and The Great Recession have helped pump new life into
farming in Lake Country - perhaps even preserving it.
An
increasing consumer demand for locally grown meat and produce, along
with a rising number of local farmers markets and co-op arrangements,
have provided Lake Country farmers with new opportunities to market
directly to consumers in a Wisconsin-Illinois market of more than three
million people.
"The ag economy is as strong as I have seen it,"
said Dave Morris, whose family owns about 180 acres in the City of
Delafield and leases another approximately 800 acres scattered through
the region.
Although 25 percent of the land in Waukesha County
is still used for agricultural purposes, many thought only a few farms
would survive because real estate developers were paying inflated prices
to gobble up farms in the 1990s and early 2000s.
That came to a
screeching halt in 2007 when the Great Recession struck and the housing
bubble burst. Developers who paid those inflated prices cannot find
builders for new homes, and they cannot sell the land, either.
"There are a couple of subdivisions that we are farming because there is
nothing else to do. The developer isn't able to do anything with the
land, and he can't sell it," according to Rob Schuett of Mukwonago, who
farms about 1,000 acres in southern Waukesha County.
"I know one
real estate developer who had to return hundreds of millions of dollars
in land back to the banks," added Lake Country real estate developer
Jim Siepmann.
Siepmann acknowledged that his company has about
1,000 acres being leased to farmers because the land "is not going to be
developed for a while."
Meanwhile, commodity and beef prices have been climbing because of an
increased world demand for American food products at a time when the
value of the American dollars has been shrinking.
"People in the
world need food. In the United States, the one thing we can produce very
economically is food," according to Morris.
"China and India
are areas in the world where there is a rapidly growing middle class.
There has been a tremendous food vacuum there. Now, more and more people
there want to eat a healthier diet," explained John Koepke of the Town
of Oconomowoc, who farms nearly a thousand acres in the northwest corner
of Waukesha County and raises more than 300 dairy cows.
"There
has been a tremendous demand for meat and dairy exports. The weaker
(American) dollar hasn't hurt either, which makes our products
affordable to foreign markets," he said.
"The state of the farm economy generally and locally is very good," Koepke concluded.
But there are exceptions.
Not everything is rosy
Mike Fryda, who owns a 30-acre dairy farm wedged between a stone quarry
and a gun club in the Town of Lisbon, says the state of his farm economy
is "not very good."
"Milk prices have gone down, while the
commodity prices have gown up," said Fryda, who leases another 360 acres
of corn, soy beans and wheat.
Fryda said the price for his milk has
dropped nearly $6 per hundredweight. The U.S. Department of
Agricultural is predicting milk prices will be at least $3.10 per
hundredweight lower this year than in 2008. But agriculture fared better
than the rest of the economy in 2011 and will likely do so again in
2012, according to The Status of Wisconsin Agriculture, an annual report
prepared by the Department of Agriculture and Applied Economics at the
University of Wisconsin-Madison.
"Wisconsin farmers as a whole
earned a record high net farm income of $2.4 billion in 2011. This was
up about $350 million from 2010 and three times the very depressed level
of $800 million in 2009," according to the report.
Agriculture
pumped nearly $890 million into the Waukesha County economy last year,
according to the University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension.
Agricultural-related businesses employed more than 3,000 workers in the
county who contributed about $207 million to the county's total income,
according to the extension service.
A history of farming
Waukesha County and the Lake Country region are rich in agricultural
history. Between 1918 and 1959, the county assumed the titled "Cow
County USA" because of its large number of dairy farms and cows.
The
state's first aboveground silo was built near Ashippun. Groundbreaking
research was conducted on the Pabst Farms near Oconomowoc, according to
Koepke, who also noted that the first farm implement with rubber tires
was tested in the Town of Waukesha.
A look ahead
Farmers interviewed by Lake Country Publications were generally
optimistic about the future, despite drastic declines in the industry
during the past half-century.
Between 1969 and 2007, the number
of dairy cows in Waukesha County dropped from 15,263 to 2,756, an
82-percent decline. There was a 92-percent reduction in dairy farms
during the same period, according to Southeastern Wisconsin Regional
Planning Commission (SEWRPC).
However, there are still more than
90,000 acres of land in the county devoted to agriculture. Waukesha
County and some municipal governments have adopted land-use and tax
policies that encourage the preservation of agricultural land, including
agricultural enterprise zones in the towns of Oconomowoc, Ottawa and
Eagle.
There are 86 Waukesha County farms, including nearly two
dozen in Lake Country, that generate more than $800,000 annually in
sales through farmers markets, roadside stands, pick-your-own operations
and community supported agriculture (CSA) operations where consumers
can purchase food directly from farms, according to the extension
service.
Diversification is key
Professor Steven C. Deller of the UW-Madison Department of Agriculture
and Applied Economics said this so-called "local foods movement" is
significant because it provides new revenue streams for agriculture and
offers farmers with new opportunities to diversify.
Diversification
is important to survival, according to Lake Country farmers who think
the housing market will eventually rebound, and real estate developers
will again start paying higher prices to buy up farmland.
"There is going to be farming in the future; it is just going to be a different kind of farming," Fryda said.
Fryda said selling manure is an example of diversification. He said
consumers, particularly those involved in organic farming, will drive
several hours to purchase his manure.
Wisconsin is second only to California in the number of certified organic farms in the United States.
Fryda admits he does not make large profits off the manure, but "it
helps make ends meet," and it is rela tively inexpensive to produce.
The Koepke farm is producing a new line of artisan cheeses. "La Belle"
cheeses are sold at Piggly Wiggly grocery stores in Hartland and
Oconomowoc and are available at farmers market.
John Koepke is
optimistic the new cheese product will provide a revenue stream that is
more stable than volatile commodity and dairy prices. According to the
Farm Fresh Atlas, there are 65 farmers markets in Southeastern
Wisconsin, nearly a dozen of them in Lake Country.
Morris said
Lake Country farmers have a marketing advantage being located in the
midst of so many farmers markets and between the Milwaukee and Chicago
metropolitan areas. He said locally grown food production for sale to
local consumers could be the future for some farmers.
"It is
very viable if you are in a heavier metropolitan area. You don't need a
big tract of land, and people are willing to drive a few miles to get
it," he said.
"The significance of it is that it might make
people think differently about agriculture. Instead of getting all of
their food from a grocery store, they might want to visit a farm,"
Morris concluded.
Schuett said he might increase his production of
locally grown food to sell to the "agritourist," many of them from
Illinois, who flock to his farm.. The farm, with its corn mazes, happy
faces painted on rolled hay bales and seasonal sales of pumpkins and
Christmas trees, has become an iconic landmark along Highway 83.
"On
the weekends, our phone rings constantly. They come from Illinois. They
will pick their pumpkins. They will go to the corn maze, which might
take two or three hours. Then they will go on a hay ride. That is what
they want do. Spend the day on a Sunday afternoon," he explained.
"If development comes back, and a lot of the land is gone, you have
this stuff to fall back on. You have to diversify like in any other
job," Schuett added.
And he has learned agritourism tends to be recession proof.
"People who are hurting or out of job come back. They can't make that
big destination trip to Disneyworld. But they will come to visit the
corn maze. They can afford that."
No comments:
Post a Comment